Landsat 9

Landsat 9 was successfully launched on Monday, Sept. 27, 2021 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. Landsat 9 data is publicly available from USGS.

Landsat 9—a partnership between NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey— continues the Landsat program’s critical role in monitoring, understanding and managing the land resources needed to sustain human life.

Today’s increased rates of global land cover and land use change have profound consequences for weather and climate change, ecosystem function and services, carbon cycling and sequestration, resource management, the national and global economy, human health, and society.

Landsat is the only U.S. satellite system designed and operated to repeatedly observe the global land surface at a moderate scale that shows both natural and human-induced change.

Since reducing the risk of a Landsat data gap is a high priority of the U.S. Sustainable Land Imaging Program, Landsat 9 has a design very similar to Landsat 8’s; which allowed the Landsat 9 build and launch to be expedited.

Landsat data in the U.S. archive contributed by each Landsat satellite as of Sept. 30, 2021. Landsat 8 has added more data per year than any proceeding satellite. Landsat 9 will collect data at the same rate as Landsat 8. Image credit: USGS/NASA

Landsat 9, launched September 27, 2021, joins Landsat 8 in orbit; the satellite orbits are 8 days out of phase. Landsat 9 replaces Landsat 7 (launched in 1999), taking its place in orbit (8 days out of phase with Landsat 8). The combined Landsat 8 + Landsat 9 revisit time for data collection with be every 8 days, like it currently is for Landsat 8 + Landsat 7.

Landsat 9, like Landsat 8, has a higher imaging capacity than past Landsats, allowing more valuable data to be added to the Landsat global land archive—around 1,400 scenes per day.

Landsat 9, like Landsat 8, is both radiometrically and geometrically better than earlier generation Landsats.

5years
Low Earth
Sun synchronous
Landsat 9 can measure changes on the global land surface at a scale where we can separate human and natural causes of change. When land use and resource availability issues arise, Landsat 9 can help decision makers make informed management decisions.

Landsat 9 contributes a critical component to the international strategy for monitoring the health and state of the Earth. Landsat users can now take advantage of more frequent observations (every 8 days using two satellites).

Applications such as weekly tropical deforestation alerts, water quality monitoring, and crop condition reports are now feasible with the constellation.
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